Everybody appreciates getting positive or constructive feedback and when the process is done properly, it can be a great help to both the individual and the company. Despite the evidence to support this, studies have shown that the very lack of feedback is the main reason why people choose to leave a company, so it is vitally important that you ensure that your organisation provides this feedback to its employees. This is a wise move, because it will help you assess where your employees need development in skills to help them to increase their performance levels.
So, why do we have 360 degree review? This concept has resulted from a need to increase both the frequency and quality of feedback to individual workers. It is more than the usual annual appraisal, where you visit the manager’s office to be told what you are doing well and how you can improve.
In the past, it has been left to the manager to provide feedback: because of the more complex nature of the managerial role and increased workloads, this task has been neglected. 360 degree feedback allows for an increased amount of feedback through a wider circle of providers and includes peer evaluation, self evaluation and direct reports. At the end of the process, the individual in question will have at their disposal a detailed report that enables them to compare their perceptions of work with those of their peers. Once the report is completed, there is provision for a performance coach to provide guidance regarding any necessary improvement plan.
360 degree feedback has a number of benefits: the insight that employees gain regarding their behavioural weaknesses allows them to better manage their careers, working on interpersonal skills and attaining leadership qualifications and their employer reaps the benefits of having a highly skilled and experienced workforce and the associated increased productivity and quality of work.
What elements make the 360 degree feedback process successful?
There are six components.
1. The senior management has to take ownership of the process and be supportive of its realisation. As well, employees have to obtain the necessary skills to be able to provide feedback that is useful. The most important factor is that the managers should be prepared to utilise the skills they have acquired in the provision of coaching if and when it is required.
2. Any survey that is conducted should relate to the companies ethos and the competencies that they are looking for, addressing the skills necessary to attain individual and company success.
3. Every member of the team is required to attend a 360 degree orientation. At these training sessions they will be instructed with regards to the fact that 360 is not to be used in performance appraisal, but only as a developmental tool. The importance of confidentiality is stressed to assure those who are being rated and those doing the rating.
4. Questionnaires or surveys are filled in. Most of these surveys are filled in online where special encryption software can guarantee the security of the data collection.
5. Once the surveys are completed, they are collated in the form of a report and given to the individual. The format of the report should be easily accessible. A group summary report is usually presented to the senior management in which numeric ratings are tallied which reveal strengths and weaknesses within the group. This then provides information that is useful in deciding upon any relevant training activities.
6. If any coaching has to be completed it is given to those who require it. A good coach stays impartial and is concerned with helpful and realistic goal setting. It is possible for managers to become involved in coaching as it has the ability to reinforce skills that have been attained and guarantees that they remain accountable.
How can this be successfully implemented in your business? The deciding factor is the amount of effort you are willing to put into the process. The level of improvement has a direct correlation with the amount of feedback and support that is provided. 360 degree feedback has the potential to be extremely powerful in generating feedback and consequently to make changes in your business.
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